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Although one of the oldest types of filter, the filter press has, over the last century, been the most important of the process pressure filters, and remains important to this day, despite the appearance of competitive types of filter. It has kept this major role by virtue of a small number of design improvements, and also of developments in filter media that have enabled it to keep pace with market demands for improved filtration efficiencies, better energy efficiency, higher degrees of clarity in its filtrates and some measure of automation. Almost every type of filter medium, available in sheet form and with the ability to resist the pressure differentials involved in the filter press, can be used, although membrane media are not often called for
outside the microfiltration range.

The filter press has been very successfully applied to the dewatering of a range of sludges, especially those from water and waste treatment processes, and competes strongly in this application with the vacuum belt filter and the decanter centrifuge.

It is not suited to the clarification of liquids, its main purpose being the separation of quite concentrated suspensions, which permit the rapid formation of a cake of separated solids.

It is a batch-operating filter, with filtration cycle times optimized to achieve maximum throughput. A key to such maximization may lie in the ease with which dewatered filter cakes can be removed from the filter ’ s compartments, a feature which can limit the degree to which filter press operation can be automated. The right choice of filter medium goes a long way to facilitating cake discharge.

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