Anodizing solutions
Anodizing solutions are not generally filtered on non-automated plants, although periodic batch filtration is desirable. Seal solutions benefit from continuous or bypass filtration, and may also require periodic carbon treatment…
Alkaline cleaning solutions
Alkaline soak-cleaning solutions and electro-cleaners generally accumulate considerable amounts of solids and organic contaminants, as well as floating scum. This last is normally removed by skimming. Solids can be removed…
Acid cleaning and pickling baths
It is normal, in non-automated acid cleaning and pickling baths, for there to be no filtration of the solutions, the solid contaminants being allowed to settle out of suspension. Batch…
Electrodialysis
A number of surface treating processes require a rinsing fluid, which dissolves salts produced in the process. It is possible to recover more than 80% of the salts in a…
Degreasing baths
Aqueous degreasing processes use alkaline or acid solutions containing chemicals and various additives. These baths become contaminated with oil and when the bath loses its efficiency, its contents have to…
SURFACE TREATMENT CHEMICALS
Manufactured metal parts and finished products may go through a whole series of surface treatment processes. These include chemical and electrochemical operations such as washing, pickling, degreasing, phosphating, galvanizing, plating,…
Textiles
Several applications for ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis are being employed in the textile industry. These include the treatment of size and latex contaminated effluents, wool wash waters and effluents from…
Pulp and paper
Massive quantities of water are consumed in the pulp and paper industry. Water is used as the suspending liquid for the pulping process and the bleaching stages as well as…
Paints and inks
Process filtration in the manufacture of paints and inks includes the treatment of adhesives, resins, and process and wastewater, as well as paints, varnishes, inks and other coatings. Bag filters…
Fine chemicals
Filtration is normally called for prior to filling toiletry and cosmetic containers. Sheet filters are normally employed for this purpose. In this sector are commonly found applications for medium or…